Thalassemia Challenges:
Thalassemia is a genetic disorder. Thalassemia is caused by mutations in the DNA of cells that make
hemoglobin, and these are passed from parents to children. In Thalassemia patient’s body produces
insufficient or abnormal forms of hemoglobin. Thalassemia results in the destruction of a large number
of red blood cells, which causes the patient to become anemic. Thalassemia patients face a multitude of
challenges that affect their physical, emotional, and social well-being.
Physical Challenges:
- Anemia and its complications: The primary challenge is chronic anemia, leading to fatigue, weakness,
and shortness of breath. - Iron overload: Frequent blood transfusions, a common treatment for thalassemia, can lead to iron
overload in the body. Excess iron can damage the heart, liver, and endocrine system. - Bone deformities: Thalassemia can cause bone marrow expansion, leading to bone deformities,
especially in the face and skull. - Other health complications: Thalassemia can also lead to other health issues such as heart problems,
liver disease, diabetes, and hormonal imbalances.
Emotional and Psychological Challenges:
- Emotional distress: Living with a chronic illness like thalassemia can cause significant emotional
distress, including anxiety, depression, and low self-esteem. - Financial burden: The cost of medical treatment, including blood transfusions, medications, and
chelation therapy (to remove excess iron), can be a significant financial burden for families. - It’s important to recognize that while thalassemia poses significant challenges, with proper medical
care, management and support, individuals with thalassemia can lead fulfilling lives.